Learning is viewed as a component of normal biochemical functioning at the molecular level. Hence genetic particularity of individuals is essential. That is, all processes are mutually co-dependent on the interior codes and access to exterior codes. (This is an irreducible causal dualism that distinguishes the generosity of a life from merely quantum mechanical or thermodynamic processes.)

The perplex number system describes abstract logical operations on units and integers as abstractions of electrical particles. Living systems construct a particular field as a consequent of dual causality. (Jerry LR Chandler, An Introduction to the Perplex Number System, Discrete Applied Math., 2009).

Human communication, in contrast to machine communication, requires that sensory impressions be encoded into perplex information, followed by processing and re-encoding as exformation before expression through various physiologic processes of the anatomy of motor systems. Although each synthetic symbol system is distinctive, several symbol systems may use the same exformative symbol to express different meanings in different systems. The necessity for the clear and distinct separation of a number symbol as used in atomic numbers as contrasted with the use of a number symbol in mathematics was one of the motivations for constructing this model of learning.

From an abstract ontological perspective, learning the perplex number system is a self-reflexive process. It generates itself. This self-reflexivity, as part of biological information theory, may have practical implications for pedagogy.

The contributions of Fred Abraham, Andree Ehresmann, Doris Fromberg, Martin Gardiner, Paul Kainen, Karen Vander Ven and Susie Vrobel are very gratefully acknowledged.
McLean, VA. March 11, 2009.